Which issue is commonly observed in older adulthood?

• A. Attachment and early relationships in infancy.
• B. Loneliness, bereavement, and cognitive and health changes.
• C. Identity development in adolescence.
• D. Work-family balance and career transitions.

Answer: (D)

In older adulthood, the typical psychosocial challenges center on social connectedness, bereavement, and health-related changes. As people age, retirement, loss of spouses and friends, and slower social networks can lead to loneliness, while the experience of multiple losses often brings Bereavement. Alongside this, cognitive changes (ranging from normal aging lapses to more noticeable declines) and various health issues commonly arise, affecting daily functioning and quality of life. Addressing these areas—maintaining social ties, supporting grief and adjustment, and monitoring cognitive and physical health—plays a crucial role in sustaining wellbeing in late life.

Other options tap into different life stages. Attachment and early relationships in infancy reflect infancy development, identity development in adolescence pertains to teenage years, and work-family balance plus career transitions are more characteristic of midlife rather than late life.